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Marian O’Fallon Oldham
Marian O’Fallon Oldham was rejected from attending the University of Missouri because she was Black. It did not stop her as she instead attended Harris-Stowe in St. Louis. She later got her master’s from the University of Michigan. She then became a teacher and counselor in St. Louis Public Schools, a civil rights activist and a member of various charitable boards in St. Louis. In 1977, Oldham became the University of Missouri’s first Black female curator, and she served for eight years. The university’s St. Louis campus later gave her an honorary doctorate and set up a scholarship in her name. She died in 1994 at 66.
Today, the University of Missouri has named the Mu’s Black Culture system in her owner and that of Lloyd Gaines who was also denied admission for being Black. The center is names the Lloyd Gaines-Oldham Black Culture Center.
Tags: black, black culture center, marian o'fallon oldham, scholarship, st. louis public schools, teacher, university of missouri
10 Feb 08 | Malaika Horne Resolution Passed by University of Missouri Board of Curators, 2003
Malaika Horne is director of the Executive Leadership Institute – College of Business Administration at the University of Missouri – St. Louis. Previously she served as a professor at Webster University – School of Communications and Journalism. Before that she was Managing Director of Narcotics Service Council and a Post-Doctoral Fellow at Washington University School of Medicine – Department of Psychiatry. She is also a journalist and academic writer.
Dr. Horne is Curator Emeritus of the University of Missouri System, serving as president in 1997. She has served in many other board capacities such as vice chair of ARCHS, co-chair of its Sustainable Neighborhoods. She currently serves as a member of the Scholarship Foundation board and chairs its board development committee. A longtime advocate of character education for children, she serves on the national advisory council of Sri Sathya Sai Baba Education in Human Values, a worldwide organization. She is recipient of the 2001 Women of Achievement Award.
Malaika Horne, Ph. D.
Director, Executive Leadership Institute
College of Business Administration, University of Missouri – St Louis
Office: 441 SSB
Voice: 516-4749
Fax: 516-6420
RESOLUTION
WHEREAS, Malaika B. Horne, Ph.D., served the people of Missouri with distinction as a member of the University of Missouri System Board of Curators from September 22, 1994, through January 7, 2003; and
WHEREAS, Curator Horne served as Vice President of the Board from January 1, 1996, through December 31, 1996, and as President of the Board from January 1, 1997, through December 31, 1997; and
WHEREAS, during her tenure on the Board, she chaired the Executive Committee, as well as committees on Resources and Planning and Academic and Student Affairs, and served on the committees for Finance, Telecommunication Technology, Information and Technology, Health Sciences and both the 1997 and 2002 Presidential Succession Committees; and
WHEREAS, she was instrumental in establishing and naming the Lloyd L. Gaines-Marian O’Fallon Oldham Black Culture Center at UM-Columbia; and
WHEREAS, her term as president was characterized by a commitment to ensuring broad access to the University’s educational and other resources so as to best meet the state’s economic, social and cultural needs; and
WHEREAS, during her presidency, the University crafted its first Mission Enhancement request for additional state funding to help the University better fulfill its teaching, research and service missions; and
WHEREAS, as a member of the K-16 Task Force she helped generate policy proposals to improve education at all levels throughout Missouri; and
WHEREAS, Curator Horne was instrumental both in enhancing the Office of Secretary to the Board of Curators to properly reflect its broadened range of responsibilities in the 21st century and in hiring Kathleen M. Miller to serve as the Secretary to the Board; and
WHEREAS, Curator Horne’s tenure on the Board was characterized by a steady, measured approach to problem solving; a personal commitment to keeping public higher education affordable and accessible; and a deep and abiding love for her alma mater:
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Board of Curators, on behalf of the students, faculty, staff and alumni of the University of Missouri System, and on behalf of the citizens of the State of Missouri, does hereby adopt this resolution in sincere appreciation of the dedicated and devoted service of Malaika B. Horne, Ph.D.;
AND ALSO, that her future relations with the University of Missouri System be formally recognized by bestowing the title of “Curator Emeritus” upon Malaika B. Horne, Ph.D.; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Secretary to the Board of Curators cause this resolution to be spread upon the minutes of this meeting and that a duly inscribed copy thereof be furnished to Malaika B. Horne, Ph.D.
Tags: black cultural center, malaika horne, resolution, university of missouri
Lloyd Gaines Becomes A Civil Rights Leader, But Only Wanted to Go to Law School
During segregation, black students seeking a graduate degree had to leave the state. Unlike most schools in segregated states, though, MU would pay for part of a black student’s out-of-state graduate school tuition.But leaving Missouri was unappealing to Gaines. In 1935, he applied to MU and received interest from admissions. It is safe to say that the university registrar, S.W. Canada, knew neither the color of Gaines’ skin nor the historically black university he had attended.
Meanwhile, NAACP lawyers and civil rights pioneers Sidney Redmond and Charles Houston were battling segregation and unequal teachers’ salaries in Missouri. Hoping to challenge segregation at MU, they were looking for a black student as a plaintiff.
The university learned of Gaines’ color after receiving his Lincoln transcript and denied him admission. Soon after, Gaines met the NAACP lawyers who sought him out and would lay the foundation of the coming court case. It was the first NAACP test case regarding educational segregation to reach the Supreme Court.
The Board of Curators rejected Gaines’ application and those of three other black students. Gaines was probably disappointed though not shocked. Quickly, the NAACP petitioned the Boone County Circuit Court in July 1936 to force the university to admit Gaines. During the trial, one of Gaines’ lawyers attacked traditionalist mentality and asked, “You don’t think tradition can bind progress forever, do you?” F.M. McDavid, senator and president of the Board of Curators replied, “I don’t know what you mean by progress.” The court ruled in favor of the university, and the NAACP immediately filed an appeal.
In December 1937, the case reached the Missouri Supreme Court, and again the court handed down a pro-segregation decision by maintaining that Gaines was not deprived of his rights under the 14th Amendment because Missouri paid black students’ nonresident tuition.
Neither Gaines nor the NAACP was satisfied. By that time, the case had grown bigger than Gaines. Although he was the poster child for an antidiscrimination case — an honors student with an exemplary record — he was also an instrument in the civil rights attempt to eradicate segregation. But as the case slowly pushed its way through the court system, Gaines moved on and attended the University of Michigan to pursue a master’s degree in economics. Under pressure and aware that he would be judged by both his supporters and opponents, he again excelled at school.
In 1938, his case reached the U.S. Supreme Court. Around the country, people on both sides of the segregation debate anticipated the court’s reaction. Justice Hugo Black, a former member of the Ku Klux Klan, sat on the court. On Gaines’ side were his original lawyers, now with the help of future Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall. On December 12, 1938, the Supreme Court rendered a 5-2 decision that was both a victory and a loss for Gaines. The verdict stated that Missouri must admit Gaines or provide an equal law school facility for black students within the state. Black, who would later become one of the Court’s most liberal judges, voted with the majority.
Newspapers across the country exploded in headlines about the case, many of them supporting the verdict and some saying the ruling did not go far enough. The case did not end segregation but merely allowed for a new interpretation of “separate but equal” as rendered in the Plessy v. Ferguson decision.
Gaines, who was in Michigan when the verdict was rendered, offered a few poignant words in response: “Organized pressure has opened another great gate for our people…may we all see that this golden opportunity is never neglected, lost or forgotten.”
But perhaps the opportunity was more gilded than truly golden. Publicly, Gaines stated he would enroll at Missouri’s law school but told his mother privately that he was not planning to attend. Clearly, the years of legal battles and the pressures of being a civil rights figurehead had taken their toll on the courtroom-wary man.
In compliance with the Supreme Court, a law school for black students was established in St. Louis through Lincoln University. In 1939, a group of 20 students arrived to take classes at the new law school. The school, however, was short-lived and shut down in 1943.
It was not until 1950 that Gus T. Ridgel, a fellow Lincoln graduate, became the first black student to attend MU.
Tags: Civil Rights, Education, law school, Lincoln, lloyd gaines, MU, university of missouri
Varied Discussions About Lloyd Gaines and the Refusal of MU to Accept Blacks into their University
Now & Then
Past and present conversations surrounding the Lloyd Gaines case are imperative to understanding the sentiment of America in the late1930s and how the civil rights figure is remembered today.
Letter from Gaines seeking admittance to MU, 1935:
“I would appreciate your prompt attention to this matter, in as much as an early reply would enable me to make the adjustments necessary in completing my plans for the employment of my time for the fall.”
Response from the MU Board of Curators, 1936:
“… any change in the State system of separate instruction which has been heretofore established, would react to the detriment of both Lincoln University and the University of Missouri …”
An editorial in The Missouri Student newspaper, MU’s official student newspaper, 1937:
“Outspoken students said they would not sit by a Negro in class. Stronger voices announced they would leave school if Gaines were admitted. The logic of the latter statement is ridiculous. Where would they go?” The editorial further compared race relations in the United States to those in Europe with, “Lincoln university for the Negro. The Ghetto for the Jew. For, wherein is there a basic difference? … Our actions in accepting him will define our status as Americans.”
Gaines’ letter to his mother, March 3, 1939:
“… I have found that my race still likes to applaud, shake hands, pat me on the back and say how great and noble is the idea; how historical and socially important is the case but—and there it ends. Off and out of the confines of the publicity columns, I am just a man—not one who has fought and sacrificed to make the case possible; one who is still fighting and sacrificing … just another man whose name no one recognized.”
Andom Gherezghiher, MU student, 2006:
“When I toured this campus, the guides talked all about former deans, Beetle Bailey and leprechauns, but nothing about Gaines. They should talk about this on tours. The university should acknowledge that they made mistakes and made changes.”
Tags: Blacks, lloyd gaines, MU, Negro, university of missouri
The Story Behind the Name of Gaines-Oldham Black Culture Center
Lloyd Lionel Gaines was an African-American student from St. Louis and was refused for admission into the School of Law at the University of Missouri-Columbia. They refused him because he was Black. He fought the decision – all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court.
Within two years later, the court rendered a landmark decision: The state of Missouri would have to admit Gaines to the MU School of Law, or provide a facility of equal stature within the state’s borders. Unfortunately Gaines never enrolled at the University of Missouri because he supposedly disappeared while visiting Chicago.
A few years later in the 1940′s, Marian O’Fallon Oldham also was denied admission at MU because she was Black. Interestingly enough, Oldham became the first African-American woman to serve on the UM Board of Curators in 1977. She was an avid supporter of black faculty, staff and student initiatives on the MU campus. In the 1970s, she played a key role in obtaining a better facility for the MU Black Culture Center. Oldham also was an active member of the Congress of Racial Equality and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
Through their sacrifice and commitment to equality, Gaines and Oldham opened many doors at MU for African-American students. For this reason, the University is naming the MU Black Culture Center the Lloyd L. Gaines – Marian O’Fallon Oldham Black Culture Center to ensure that these individuals, who once were denied admission at MU, now will have a permanent home at the University.
At the time the Black Culture Center was officially opened, Karsten Cash had been appointed the Director of the Black Culture Center. “The Black Culture Center is a symbol of what these two pioneers, Gaines and Oldham, stood for,” said Karsten Cash, director of the Black Culture Center. “MU has turned 180 degrees from ‘Separate But Equal’ to an era that values diversity and inclusion. Because the newly named Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center is indicative of a philosophy that clearly parallels what Gaines and Oldham stood for, it’s appropriate that the center should bear the name of these two altruistic individuals who sacrificed so much for the good of many.”
Tags: black, black culture center, Columbia, lloyd gaines, marion oldham, university of missouri
Black History Month 2008 at MU’s Black Cultural Center
Black History Month Activities for 2008
Black History Month Art Exhibits
“Songs of My People”
Place: Ellis Library
“Collective Inspiration”
Featuring artists Kenny Green, Askia Nasir Bilal, Adelia Parker, Ali Halane and also featuring Columbia’s upcoming artists.
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
City of Columbia Black History Exhibit
Our staff will bring the exhibit to you and give a presentation Monday – Friday in February. Organizations, schools, etc., please call for reservations.
Contact: Bill @ 874-6379
The State Historical Society of Missouri
Art Spotlight: Negro Soldier
This painting depicts an African-American soldier marching forward on a World War II Battlefield. Thomas Hart Benton’s image celebrates the service of Black men in uniform at a time when segregation and prejudice were often legally sanctioned realities in America.
February 1
“The Roots” Concert
Place: Jesse Auditorium
Time: 7:00 p.m.
Cost: $20 students, (student charge available) $25 public, tickets on sale at the Brady Box office, 573-882-4640
Sponsor: MSA/GPC
David Raibon Presents: “No Hate in ‘08”
Raibon is an actor as well as a stand-up comedian. He has made appearances on “Without a Trace,” and “My Name is Earl” just to name a few.
Time: 6:00 p.m. Reception
Program: 7:30 p.m.
Place: Mark Twain Ballroom Memorial Union
February 2
MoHIP Theater: William Wells Brown’s Leap for Freedom: The Life and Writings of William Wells Brown.
Clyde Ruffin as William Wells Brown, the man who escaped from slavery and became an accomplished speaker and the first published black playwright in the United States.
Place: Thespian Hall, Boonville, MO
Time: 6:30 p.m.
Cost: $5, 18 and under $2 for ticket info call 660-882-7977
Sponsors: The State Historical Society of Missouri, University of Missouri-Columbia Department of Theater and Friends of Historic Boonville
Soul Food Dinner
The women of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc., Columbia Alumnae Chapter invite you to join them for a “Soul Food Dinner”.
Place: St. Luke’s United Methodist Church
204 E. Ash St.
Time: 4-6 p.m.
Cost: $7
February 3-7
Men’s 3 on 3 Basketball Tournament
Double-elimination tournament for males ages 15 and up.
Place: Douglas High School Gymnasium
Cost $25 per team
Contact: Columbia Parks & Recreation @ 874-6378
February 7
Brown Bag Luncheon Series
“Swahili Language: Linking the Diaspora to Africa”
Guest Speaker: Loise Wambuguh, Graduate Student Forestry Department
Place: 323 Gentry Hall
Time: Noon
Black History Month Keynote Speaker
Dr. Michel Eric Dyson, Professor at Georgetown University, is one of the worlds most renowned public intellectuals, lecturer and author who addresses issues of race and culture.
Q&A and book signing to follow presentation
Place: Jesse Auditorium
Time: 7:00 p.m.
February 10-28
“We Always Swing Jazz Series”
10 – Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra With Wynton Marsalis
Place: Jesse Auditorium
Time: 7:00 p.m.
Cost: Reserved Seats $30/$40 on sale at Ticketmaster Outlets or Jazz Series Box Office @ 573-449-3001
February 12
Brown Bag Luncheon Series
“Bridging the Gap between the Civil Rights and Hip- Hop Generation”
Guest Speaker: Jessie Adolph, English Ph.D Candidate
Place: 323 Gentry Hall
Time: Noon
African-American Film & Discussion
“Pride”
Place: Armory Sports Center
Time: 6:30 p.m.
Contact: Columbia Parks & Recreation @ 874-6378
Lloyd L. Gaines Commemoration and Portrait Unveiling
Join us as we commemorate the United States Supreme Court ‘s decision ordering the State of Missouri to admit Lloyd Gaines to the University of Missouri or provide another school of equal stature within the state borders.
Guest Speaker, Dr. Dewayne Smith, Vice President for Academic Affairs, Harris-Stowe State University
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Time: 5:30 p.m.
Sponsor: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Reception following program
February 14-17
Big XII Conference on Black Student Government
Theme: “The Revival: A New Blueprint for Success”
Place: Oklahoma State University-Stillwater, OK
Cost: Registration, lodging, and transportation $106 student charge available at the Brady Box Office or call 573-882-4640
Sponsor: Legion of Black Collegians
February 18
The History of Hip-Hop
Guest speaker local Hip Hop artist
W-A-R-R-I-O-R
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Time: 7:00 p.m.
Sponsor: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
February 20
Brown Bag Luncheon Series
TBD
February 21
Third Thursday
Third Thursday presents “Soulphistication”
Come meet and mingle while enjoying free soul food and great music.
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Time: 7:00 p.m.
Sponsor: MSA/GPC Black Programming Committee
“The Essence of Liberty: Free Black Women During the Slave Era”
Dr. Wilma King, History Professor, University of Missouri-Columbia will be the guest speaker at the Missouri State Archives.
Place: 600 W. Main St., Jefferson City, MO
Time: 7:00 p.m.
February 22
“DWELE Concert “Night of Neosoul”
Place: Jesse Auditorium
Time: 7:00 p.m.
Cost: $15 students (student charge available) $20 public, tickets on sale at the Brady Box Office, 573-882-4640
Sponsor: MSA/GPC Black Programming Committee
Kids Day
Moving Ahead Program
Children ages 5-12 will portray great African-American achievers.
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Time: 6:00 p.m.
Sponsor: Columbia Housing Authority
Contact: Carol Zu-Bolton or Micahla Braxton @573-673-2402
February 24
Black History Month Art Show Reception
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Time: 3-5 p.m.
Gospel Explosion & Soul Food Celebration
Place: St. Luke United Methodist Church
204 E. Ash
Time: 3:00 p.m.
“We Always Swing Jazz Series”
Terell Stafford Quintet
24 – Murry’s 3:30 & 7:00 p.m.
Cost: Reserved seats $16-$35, student discount available. Tickets on sale at Ticketmaster and Jazz Series Box Office @573-449-3001.
25 – Terell Stafford’s “History of Jazz Trumpet” Friends Room, Daniel Boone Regional Library, 11:45 a.m.- 1:00 p.m. Free and open to the public
25 – Master Class/Clinic, MU School of Music, Loeb Hall 2-3:30 p.m.
26 -“Annual Children’s Concert” Hickman High School Auditorium, 10-10:50 a.m. Contact Jazz Series to reserve space
26 -“Jazz in the Schools” Eugene Field Elementary School, 1:30 p.m. Open only to Eugene Field Elementary School
February 27
Brown Bag Luncheon Series
“Malcolm X: Revolutionary for the Ages”
Guest Speaker: Addae Ahmad
Place: Ellis Library Room 159
Time: Noon
February 28
Black History Month Knowledge Bowl
Come test your knowledge while having fun and learning important facts about Black history. Prizes will be awarded. For more information or to register your team call 882-2664
Place: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Time: 7:00 p.m.
Sponsor: Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Refreshments will be served
Special Thanks to all Black History Month Sponsors:
Black Studies Program
Gaines/Oldham Black Culture Center
Legion of Black Collegians
Trulaske College of Business
School of Accountancy
Department of Finance
Department of Management
Department of Marketing
Sinclair School of Nursing
College of Education
College of Human Environmental Sciences
School of Law
Department of Human Development and Family Studies
School of Health Professions
School of Medicine
Black History Month Committee
All events are free and open to the public unless otherwise noted.
For more information call 573-882-6229 or 573-882-2664
Tags: black culture center, black history month, university of missouri